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Planets, houses, yogas, doshas & dasha
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Reading your kundali
A Janma Kundali is a map of the sky as it stood over your birthplace at the moment you were born, drawn from the perspective of that spot on the Earth. It records where each of the nine grahas stood against the sidereal zodiac, which of the twelve houses each occupied, and which sign was rising on the eastern horizon. Everything else in Vedic astrology — dashas, transits, compatibility, remedies — is read against this one diagram.
The lagna, or ascendant, is the sign rising on the eastern horizon at your birth moment. It sets the 1st house, and every other house follows from it, which is why it is the most time-sensitive element in the chart.
The ascendant changes roughly every two hours, so a birth time wrong by even fifteen minutes can shift it near a sign boundary and rotate every house in the chart. This is the single most important reason to use an accurate recorded time.
Vedic astrology uses the Sun, Moon, Mars, Mercury, Jupiter, Venus and Saturn, plus the two lunar nodes — Rahu and Ketu. The nodes are not physical bodies but the points where the Moon's orbit crosses the ecliptic, and they always sit exactly opposite one another. Uranus, Neptune and Pluto are not part of the classical scheme.
The same chart is drawn two ways. In the North Indian diamond format the houses stay fixed and the signs move; in the South Indian square format the signs stay fixed and the houses move. Neither contains more information — they are two conventions for the same data, and practitioners simply read whichever they were trained on.
Beyond the main D1 chart, each sign is subdivided to produce divisional charts, each examined for a specific area of life. The D9 (Navamsa) is the most consulted after the birth chart itself and is read for marriage and for the underlying strength of a planet; the D10 (Dasamsa) is read for career.
A birth chart is a map of potential; the Vimshottari dasha system says when that potential activates. The 120-year cycle is divided among the nine grahas in fixed proportions, and the period running at your birth is determined by the nakshatra of your Moon — which is why the Moon's exact degree matters.
Particular planetary combinations carry names and established meanings. Yogas such as Gaja Kesari or the Pancha Mahapurusha set are read as strengths; doshas such as Mangal or Kaal Sarp describe friction. Most charts carry several of each, and a single yoga rarely determines an outcome on its own.
Houses are counted anticlockwise from the ascendant. The 1st, 4th, 7th and 10th are the kendras or angles, traditionally the most powerful placements; the 1st, 5th and 9th are the trikonas, considered the most auspicious.
| House | Sanskrit | Signifies |
|---|---|---|
| 1st | Tanu | Self, body, temperament, overall vitality |
| 2nd | Dhana | Wealth, speech, family of origin, accumulated resources |
| 3rd | Sahaja | Siblings, courage, initiative, short journeys |
| 4th | Sukha | Mother, home, land, vehicles, inner contentment |
| 5th | Putra | Children, intelligence, creativity, past merit |
| 6th | Ripu | Debt, disease, adversaries, daily service |
| 7th | Yuvati | Marriage, partnership, business alliances |
| 8th | Randhra | Longevity, upheaval, inheritance, hidden matters |
| 9th | Dharma | Fortune, father, higher learning, faith |
| 10th | Karma | Career, public standing, action in the world |
| 11th | Labha | Gains, income, networks, elder siblings |
| 12th | Vyaya | Expenditure, foreign lands, seclusion, liberation |